Electromagnetic induction
Magnet in, the needle swings. Magnet out, it swings the other way. Every generator works on the same principle.
PhysicsBavaria curriculum · Gymnasium
Physics – grade 10
Unit 1Electromagnetism
Describing magnetic fields with field lines, the force on current-carrying conductors and the Lorentz force, electric motors, induction, generators and the ideal transformer.
Lorentz force and fine-beam tube
Electrons fly along a glowing circular path in a magnetic field. From the radius you determine a property of the electron.
Unit 2Conservation of momentum in mechanics
Momentum as a conserved quantity, calculating collisions with conservation of momentum and energy, and distinguishing the law of interaction from forces in equilibrium.
Elastic and inelastic collisions
Two gliders collide on an air track. Before and after are compared to see what stays the same.
Unit 3Motion and its modelling in physics
Time–position and time–velocity graphs, uniform and uniformly accelerated motion, free fall and the horizontal projectile described in components.
Uniform and accelerated motion (distance–time and velocity–time graphs)
A car drives at a steady speed or speeds up. The graphs for distance, speed and acceleration are drawn live.
Free fall
A ball falls on Earth, the Moon or Mars and gets faster every second. In a vacuum even a feather keeps up.
Horizontal and oblique projectile motion
Which launch angle goes furthest? On Earth it is 45°, and on the Moon the same ball flies six times as far.
Unit 4Nuclear physics
Alpha, beta and gamma radiation, the structure of the nucleus down to quarks, mass–energy equivalence, half-life, and biological effects of radiation and protection.
Radioactive decay and half-life
Many nuclei decay at random and a Geiger counter clicks. Even so, after each half-life almost exactly half are left.
Unit 5Profile area at the NTG (science and technology track only)
5.1Semiconductor components in experiments
Recording the characteristic curve of a diode, using a transistor as a switch and amplifier, and explaining simple semiconductor circuits with models.
No separate simulation is planned for this.
5.2Deepening process-related skills with further selected content
Optional topics such as physics in sport (optimal throw, billiard collisions), flight, chaos, applications of radioactivity or electrical engineering.
Horizontal and oblique projectile motion
Which launch angle goes furthest? On Earth it is 45°, and on the Moon the same ball flies six times as far.
Elastic and inelastic collisions
Two gliders collide on an air track. Before and after are compared to see what stays the same.
The summaries describe the curriculum in our own words. The original text is authoritative. Original text (German): LehrplanPLUS, Gymnasium, Physics, grade 10